Laos central bank shake-up reveals forex crisis, China dependence
Data from the Laotian Finance Ministry reveals the debt spiral that the impoverished, landlocked country bordering southern China has sunk into. The country's external public debt servicing costs ballooned to $950 million in 2023, from $507 million in 2022. Public and publicly guaranteed debt, which combines domestic and external debts, by 2023 had reached $13.8 billion, or 108% of gross domestic product. The total external debt that year was $10.5 billion, of which around 48%, or $5.09 billion, was owed to China.
Laos' foreign exchange reserves were estimated at $1.85 billion at the end of March this year. The government is struggling to increase its dollar reserves to stave off defaulting on its foreign loans. Government sources revealed the country must service annual debts of around $1.3 billion from 2024 through 2028. The government needs at least $10 billon to cover "debt-related expenses," said Santiphab.